COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine immunogenicity among children with a history of paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PIMS-TS)
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COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine immunogenicity among children.pdf (633.77 KB)
Date
2023-05-05
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Elsevier Ltd.
Abstract
We conducted a prospective cohort study of 20 patients with a history of paediatric multisystem inflam- matory syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PIMS group, median age seven years, 70% male) and 34 healthy controls without such a history (CONTROL group, median age eight years, 38% male) aged 5–12 years, to assess the immunogenicity of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine (ComirnatyÒ). Patients received two doses of COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine (10 ug/dose) 21 days apart. Pre-vaccine anti-S SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were measured on the day of the first dose and at the median of 23 days after the second dose. The study was conducted during the COVID-19 wave dominated by the Omicron variant of the virus. Anti-NCP SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were measured twice to evaluate incidents of infection during the study period. Pre-vaccine quantification of both types of antibodies allowed us to differentiate patients into COVID-19 naive and previously infected in order to compare hybrid immunity with vaccine-induced immunity. Before vaccination, anti-S IgG serum geometric mean concentration (GMC) was 61.17 BAU/ml in the PIMS group and 24.97 in the CONTROL group, while post-vaccination GMC was 3879.14 BAU/ml and 3704.87 BAU/ml, respectively, and did not significantly differ between the groups. Hybrid immunity (regardless of PIMS history) resulted in a higher concentration of SARS-CoV-2 anti-S antibodies after vaccination. Four (20%) of the children in the PIMS group and 11 (32%) in the CONTROL group got infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the study period, yet all of them asymptomatically, and this event has not significantly altered post-vaccination anti-S titers. In conclusion, COVID-19 vaccination was highly immunogenic in children, including those with a history of PIMS-TS; hybrid immunity overperforms vaccine-induced immunity in terms of serological response in children. However, vaccination effectiveness in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections in children should be further evaluated.
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Kamila M. Ludwikowska, Aneta Popiel, Agnieszka Matkowska-Kocjan, Mateusz Biela, Marta Wójcik, Filip Szenborn, Katarzyna Wielgos, Ewa Pielka-Markiewicz, Janusz Zaryczański, Miron B Kursa, Leszek Szenborn, COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine immunogenicity among children with a history of paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PIMS-TS), Vaccine, 41(21), 2023, 3317-3327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.035