Analiza wpływu wybranych czynników na wypadkowość drogową w Europie
Abstract
The purpose of the paper is presentation of the spatial distribution of road
accidents and the injured in such accidents, as well as an analysis of the relationship between the spatial differentiation of road accidents and most probable
factors affecting their intensity. The spatial range of the paper covers selected
countries of the European Union, EFTA and CEFTA; the time range - the year
1997 (in a few cases 1-2-year earlier data have been analysed). As it was to be
foreseen, the Author has found out that the highest number of road accidents
(calculated per 1,000 citizens) and the number of the injured in road accidents
(also calculated per 1,000 citizens) occurred in the most developed countries
of the European Union and Switzerland, with exception from the rule in case
of Portugal and Slovenia. A conviction was strongly confirmed that there are
connections between road accidents and the number of cars (per 10,000 citizens),
but there seem to be much weaker connections between the number
of accidents and the quality of roads (measured by the ratio per mile
of the share of motorways in the total of used roads) and between the number
of accidents and insobriety of drivers (counted by the ratio of the number
of road accidents whose perpetrators were drunken persons per 1,000 citizens);
the latter was surprising and the reason may be in differences found in traffic
codes specifying the threshold of sobriety in individual countries. Based on the
analysis weak connections between the number of accidents and density
of vehicle roads were found (calculated in kilometres of roads per 100 sq. km)
and between the number of accidents and the load of roads (calculated
in millions of ton-kilometers of loads per 100 km of vehicle roads).
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