Muzyka Romów na Węgrzech: przeszłość i teraźniejszość
Abstract
The paper is an overview of the music making of the Roma in Hungary from the
second half of the 18th century to 2005. The author divides the historical genres
performed by Roma into the so-called Gypsy music played by Gypsy bands for
outsiders and the Romani folk music for internal using of the Romani communities.
The performers of the Gypsy music came mostly from Romungro families and their
music served as the national music for the Hungarians in the 18th and 19th centuries
to be turned into a part of the popular music in the 20th century. The music of the
Romani communities, the folk music, is mostly not instrumental and in the case of
the dance songs the performers produce vocal substitutes of the orchestral sound.
A new chapter of the Romani music making has started from the 1980s with the
first success of the Romani emancipation movement. The Romani rap music from
1997 and the Romani pop music from 2000 have formed on the urban scene. In the
villages, the Romani ballroom music has been fashionable since the middle of the
1990s. The author emphasizes the growing internationalization of the most recent
music played by the Hungarian Roma. I kontribùcia sikavel opral opral savi muzìka baśalde o Rroma and-o Ungrìko Them
dekatar-o maśkärìtka berśa e 19-tone śeliberśesqëre ʒi k-o berś 2005. I avtòra ulavel o historikane stìlǎ, so baśalde Rroma, anda duj sfère : jekh si o baśalipen „ciganìtko”, so baśaven säs o Rroma e gaʒenqe thaj i javër si i ćhalìtko (ćhalikani) rromani muzìka baśalimasqe aj śunimasqe maśkär Rromenθe. O baśalne e ciganitkone muzikaqëre javen butedërʒene andar-o romungrìtka famìlie thaj lenqëri muzìka säs dikhlini sär ungrìtko selìtko muzìka and-o 18-to aj 19-to śeliberśa, ʒikaj paledër kerdilǎs kotor e pop-muzikaqëro and-o 20-to śeliberś. Javëre rigaθe, e rromane khetanimatenqëri muzìka, so si ćaćuni ćhalikani (ćhalìtko) rromani, si anda pesqëro baredër kotor na-instrumentàlo thaj and-o suro e khelimasqëri melodienqëro, o muzikàntǎ keren krloça baśa k-o than e orxestraqëre baśenqëro. And-i rromani muzìka putardilǎs jekh nevo śeraj pal-o berś 1980, kana and-o Them vazdisajlǎs, baxtagoreça, i angluni polìtika emancipaciaqëri vas-o Rroma. Dekatar-o berś 1997, śaj śunas and-o fòro o rromano rap thaj dekatar-o berś 2000 i rromani pop-muzìka, ʒikaj gavenθe i rromani ballroom muzìka si and-i mòda dekatar-o berś 1995. I avtòra emfazisarel so i muzìka so baśaven adadives o Rroma and-o Ungrìtko Them si sofora buteder pherdi maśkarthemutne influènce.
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