Sytuacja kobiet romskich w Polsce i na Słowacji z punktu widzenia romskich aktywistek. Wstępne rezultaty badania pilotażowego
Streszczenie
The article is based on the preliminary results of the research project “Women in
Roma political movement and NGO sector. Pilot study of Poland and Slovakia.” It
contributes to the discussion which approach to Roma mobilization is more efficient: one that assumes more or less homogeneous nature of Romani communities and treats their problems in a holistic, culturally-determined way, or one that prefers a diversified, socio-economic perspective and aims at solutions to particular groups of problems (respectively: to the problems of particular groups). The interviews with the female Roma activists from Poland (belonging to Polska Roma and Carpathian Roma groups) and Slovakia present an interesting material regarding the issues of education of the Roma women, discrimination they experience (multiple and intersectional, among Roma and non-Roma), patriarchy, attitudes to women’s organizational activity, and the ways Roma women may seek assistance, especially regarding the matters of sexual life. The results indicate that women who belong to culturally different groups (that is those who live according to romanipen and those, who do not) may have similar thoughts regarding their situation while women who belong to culturally similar groups may significantly differ. This means that it is not “Roma culture” that determines the situation of women in Roma communities but rather the socio-economic issues and patriarchal cultural features that Roma communities share with their non-Roma environment. O artìklo si parvardo katar-o anglune rezultàti e projektosqëre “O ʒuvlǎ dr-o rromane politikane grùpe thaj o Na-Raipnikane Organizàcie – anglirodlǎripen dr-i Pòlska aj Slovàkia”. I diskùsia prastal pal-e pućhimasqëri lìnia, savi pozìcia si buder phervali dr-e rromane mobilizaciaqëri analìza: te dikhǒl sär pretele homogèno i natùra e rromane khetanimatenqëri thaj te rodlǎrdǒn lenqëre problèmi pala jekh holistìko metòda, determinuime e kulturaθär, ja mamujal te lel pes jekh avër perspektìva, buter socio-ekonomìko thaj specifìko sarkole rromane grupaqe. Kerdile interviu e rromane ʒuvlěnçar aktivistençar katar-i Pòlska (e grupenθär Polska Rroma aj Karpatika Rroma) aj i Slovakìa, so dinǎs but interesànto materiàli, śeral vaś-e ćhienqëre siklǎripnasqëri problemàtika, i butivarutni aj intersekcionàlo diskriminàcia, savǎça malavdǒn (tov maśkär Rromenθe, tov maśkär gaʒenθe), o patriarxàlo dostipen, e manuśenqëro tordǒveripen karing-o ʒuvlikane organizàcie aj lenqëri aktivitèta thaj o jutnipen, sär Rromnia xutren aźutipen, specifik dr-e seksualone ʒiipnasqëri umal. Agore, aresas k-i konklùzia so Rromnia andar kultural vervëra endaja (viz odola save ʒiven “pal-o romanipen” thaj odola avëra) śaj dikhen penqëri situàcia miazutne opiniaça, ʒikaj Rromnia andar kultural paśutne endaja śaj te oven but ulavde sär dikhipen pal-o ʒiipen. Akava sikavel so na i “rromani kultùra” determinel e Rromnienqëri situàcia dr-o rromane khetanimàta, tok butedër socio-ekonomìko faktòri thaj o patriarxàlo modèli, save o Rroma dikǎren khetane e gaʒençar trujal penθe.
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