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Searching for the origins of things. On the ‘ilm al-awā’il in the culture of the Arabic Middle Ages
(Katedra Arabistyki i Islamistyki, Uniwersytet Warszawski, 1996)
It is not certain, either, if knowledge of the origins was treated, in Arabic culture, as a separate branch of knowledge or as an element of history or adab literature. Works as Kitāb al-awā’il by Al-‘Askarī or Al-Wasā’il ...
The Dichotomy of Pirenne’s Theory on the Commercial Situation in the Mediterranean Regions during the Middle Ages
(Katedra Arabistyki i Islamistyki, Uniwersytet Warszawski, 1997)
Pre-Islamic history directly revolved around two main political and economical powers, namely the Byzantine Empire covering Europe, Africa, West Asia, and the Persian Empire in Asia. Since the beginning of the seventh and ...