European Security and Stability in a Complex Global Order – The Case of Neighbourhood Policy
Oglądaj/ Otwórz
Data
2017Autor
Latoszek, Ewa
Proczek, Magdalena
Dziembała, Małgorzata
Masłoń-Oracz, Anna
Kłos, Agnieszka
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie; Centre of Excellence at Warsaw School of Economics (CEWSE)
Metadane
Pokaż pełny rekordStreszczenie
The variety of presently occurring economic and political processes and
phenomena contribute to continuous changes in world economy, affecting
its subjective structure and the changes in the relations and co-dependencies
between its subjects. Globalisation is undoubtedly one of such processes,
as it affects the positions of countries and international organisations
within global economy. It is a multidimensional process, connected to the
intensifi cation of relations both on the economic grounds, resulting from
accelerated fl ow of goods and services, technologies, capital, workforce, and
on the political grounds. The dynamic development of globalisation has been
happening under the infl uence of ICT technologies, facilitating the reduction
of the costs of production factors movement and increasing their mobility.
The distribution of benefi ts resultant from this process is disproportional, as
it strengthens the position of some countries and regions, at the same time
weakening the importance of economic and political centres functioning to
date as its leaders. A growing importance of new centres can be observed
on the global scene – Asian countries, including China, are coming into
strength and affecting the positions of the economic powers to date, such
as the European Union and the USA. A complicated pattern of economic
and political relations is being formed, and it is necessary to ensure that
proper balance is kept. A new global order is being introduced, resultant
from these particular relations, the existing connections and interferences
occurring among its actors.
Apart from that, the process of globalisation facilitates the intensifi cation
of the economic integration processes. The international groups aiming at
strengthening their positions in the global economy, as well as their spheres
of infl uence, are implementing new inter-state agreements of economic
and political character, thus affecting the global structure of power
and co-dependencies, together with the changes occurring within these
structures. The European Union must continually take up actions to provide
stability and European security in the increasingly more complicated global
order. Ensuring stability in the neighbouring regions through the European
Neighbourhood Policy is of particular importance. This multithreaded
issue was undertaken in the research carried out by Centre of Excellence at Warsaw School of Economics – CEWSE on European Union’s Security
and Stability in a new Economic, Social & Geopolitical Settlement and its
partners, scientists representing a wide range of scientifi c centres, including
international ones. The research focuses on challenges regarding: uniting
or divisive history, transformations of contemporary European countries,
European culture, national cultures, innovativeness and creativity of
economy, science, migration crisis, refugee crisis, the relations between
the EU and the Russian Federation, the crisis in Ukraine, energy security,
public security, sustainable growth, social solidarity, demographic changes,
Brexit, institutional crisis in the EU, the future of the EU, and more.
As a signifi cant actor in global economic and political relations, the
EU holds an important economic position, intensifying the pre-existing
relations with third countries, organisations and groupings. It is very active
in external contacts, negotiating and forming transatlantic agreements, with
Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between the
EU and Canada as an example. The Transatlantic Trade and Investment
Partnership (TTIP), whose intended aim was to create a free trade zone
between the biggest players – the EU and the USA – previously under
negotiations, has been suspended for the time being. Nevertheless,
talks are being held as regards deepening the relations between the EU
and MERCOSUR, and creating a free trade zone. The new transatlantic
agreements, signed or undergoing negotiations, surpass the traditionally
accentuated trade relations, covering also the issues of investment,
intellectual property rights, legal regulations and standards, as well as
regulating other spheres of socio-economic life, which in turn causes the
process of negotiating and fi nalising such agreements is prolonged and
complicated. The EU also intensifi es its relations with the dynamically
developing African continent, hoping to mark its presence there next to
other, for example Chinese, investors.
Another dimension of external economic and political relations are the
developing alliances with Asian countries, which constitute another strategic
aim of the EU. The EU undergoes transformations from its very beginning,
due to both the processes of expanding and deepening. The latest expansion
of the EU took place on 1st July 2013, when Croatia became a new Member
State. At the same time, the process of deepening mutual relations was
advancing. Thus, the structure of the EU is very dynamic. Currently, the EU
is facing numerous challenges of economic, political and social character.
However the common values which accompanied the establishment of
this organisation and which constitute the foundation of its unity should be supported through realizing agreed-upon operations. Some countries
constitute the Eurozone, while other remain outside this hub of enhanced
economic co-operation. This creates the so-called “multi-speed” Europe,
with diversifi ed economic dimensions, and – as highlighted in the White Paper
on the future of Europe1 – the scenarios for further EU development are
also diverse. The EU also shapes its external relations in the international
arena, economic and political relations with non-member countries on the
European continent. Actions are being taken to provide protection and
security in the area, which experiences numerous confl icts and crises. After
the accession of 10 new countries to the European Union, it was necessary to
develop relevant forms of co-operation and relations with the organisation’s
neighbouring countries. One of the dimensions of implemented policy is
the European Neighbourhood Policy, as the neighbouring countries, as well
as those maintaining deepened relations with the EU, have been offered
the opportunity to develop co-operation and mutual connections within the
areas of politics, security, economy and culture. In its original formula, it
put forward a list of priorities to be met by the countries covered by the
Policy and which have to be included in the Action Plans for numerous
key areas, including political dialogue and reforms, trade, justice system,
energy, transport, information society. The neighbouring countries deepen
their relations with the EU while respecting mutual values. The fi nancial
support for this policy is provided by the European Neighbourhood
Instrument, the introduction of which is supposed to create the framework
conditions for deepening further regional co-operation, at the same time
enhancing stability and security in the region2. The present publication, as
a product of the research carried out, approaches the subject of the EU’s
role in providing security and stability in the global order, with particular
focus on the Neighbourhood Policy. The hereby publication consists of four
thematically integral and interconnected parts.Part 1, entitled “The Concept of European Integration and the Role of the
EU in the Global Order”, consists of papers concentrating on the presentation
of the effects of the European integration to date and the challenges which
the EU is currently facing, the issues related to the system for protection of
human rights. The diversifi cation of the integration process is highlighted.The importance of the EU as a global partner is also emphasized, indicating
the activities dedicated to the least-developed countries.
Part 2, “The European Neighbourhood Policy: A Need for Evolution or
Revolution?” concentrates around the issues regarding diverse dimensions
of integration. It discusses the questions related to the mechanisms of
monitoring and solving disputes within the framework of association
agreements with Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. Attention has been paid
to threats and opportunities for Europe due to new eastern neighbourhood.
Institutional aspects of the transformation of the eastern countries have also
been indicated, as well as its fi nancial aspects. This brings about new quality
and opportunities in the context of EU cohesion policy, where new subjects
have a chance to be sanctioned and obtain certain liberties.
The third part, “EU Trade & Investment Policy: Engine for Growth and Job
Creation?; The Economic Effects of New FTAs Generation – How to Assess
Their Effects?”, concerns the non-trade effects of DC-FTAs. The connections
between the EU and China within the framework of multilateral WTO
system have been indicated. Trade relations with MERCOSUR, integration
processes in Africa have been discussed, with emphasis on the EAC – EU
Economic Partnership Agreement. The trade and investment policies in the
countries of the Visegrad Group have also been discussed. Nowadays, trade
relations are growing in importance as compared to the past. Due to lasting,
long-term co-operation, a tendency to tighten relations can be observed.
The last, fourth part “The EU External Policy at a Crossroads Facing New
Challenges and Threats from the East and Mediterranean Region” concentrates
on the issues regarding external relations between the EU and the countries
of the Mediterranean and Eastern regions. Issues related to the foreign
policy of Turkey in the context of its relations with the EU are also raised in
this part.
The structure adopted in this publication introduces the reader to
a review of the newest issues regarding mostly the external challenges
facing the EU and the actions taken in order to overcome them and provide
stability. Papers included in the publication refl ect their authors’ own
opinions and it is the authors who take full responsibility for their texts.
We would like to express our gratitude to all the people and institutions
who, through their expertise and fi nancial support, have contributed to the
commencement of the present publication. Hereby, we would like to express
our most sincere gratitude to the Jean Monnet Chair of European Union,
SGH Warsaw School of Economics, University of Warsaw (Centre for
Europe), University of Gdańsk (Research Centre on European Integration),University of Economics in Katowice, New Vision University, Tbilisi,
Faculty of Administration and National Security of the Jacob of Paradies
University in Gorzów Wielkopolski, College of Economics and Social
Sciences, Warsaw University of Technology, Konrad Adenauer Stiftung,
the worldwide networks of the European Community Studies Association
(ECSA-World), including Polish European Community Studies Association
(PECSA), ECSA Moldova, ECSA Ukraine, ECSA Georgia.
The present publication presents the outcomes of research and is
supposed to enable the reader to identify the role of the EU in providing
stability and security and shaping effective co-operation not only with the
neighbouring countries, on the political and economic platform. It is also
supposed to inspire further scientific research.
Kolekcje
- Książki / Books [2915]
Z tą pozycją powiązane są następujące pliki licencyjne: