Prefabrication of Building Services
Streszczenie
It is anticipated that prefabrication in construction industry will grow in
popularity on a global scale in the near future. Analyzing specificity of the Polish market
it can be predicted that the growth will be the most noticeable in residential and
commercial buildings segments. Several studies have documented numerous benefits of
prefabrication compared to traditional building methods. These include significant cost
and time savings, enhanced productivity, increased quality of products and works, finally
better environmental performance and reduced waste. The technology is gaining
popularity not only in architecture and construction sectors, but as well in closely related
fields, in particular building services. The paper presents proven applications of
prefabrication in building services: prefabrication of repeatable building elements
(horizontal pipes/ducts distribution, prefabricated wall modules and other),
prefabrication of risers and shafts, prefabrication of technical rooms, modular
bathrooms and toilets, finally preassembled or modular buildings including installed
services. The shift from traditional construction methods to prefabrication requires
significant changes in the construction process: design specific to off-site manufacturing,
including BIM utilization, dedicated procurement and tendering strategy, well managed
construction logistics, trainings of the staff to ensure proper education level. It is needed
as well to overcome negative attitude towards prefabrication among the construction
process participants, which may be quite often encountered according to the literature.
This requires increasing the awareness of the prefabrication benefits and teaching all
parties involved that prefabrication methodology is consistent with lean production
principles – it efficiently reduces all types of waste, especially related to time, cost and
material.
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