Czerwonogród na przełomie XVIII i XIX stulecia
Streszczenie
The article presents the history of Czerwonogród in Podolia from the 17th
century until the first half of the 19th century, the impact of acts of war and
geopolitical changes upon the town’s degradation process and its social structure
and economic situation. Czerwonogród during the Polish-Lithuanian
Commonwealth era was a town, the seat of the poviat (district) and the land
starostwo (starostwo niegrodowe) as well as the Roman-Catholic parish. Following
the First Partition of Poland Czerwonogórd lost its town status, ceased
to be the seat of administrative authorities and only the Roman-Catholic
parish kept functioning, although within a diminished area — without the
town of Zaleszczyki which established its own parish. During the 18th century
the ownership of the place changed multiple times. In the pre-Partition era
it was a crown land leased by representatives of the nobility. After the First
Partition of Poland the Czerwonogród starostwo was seized by the Austrian
authorities that sold it to Kazimierz Raczyński. In the 80s of the 18th century
the Czerwonogród estate was an object of the purchase-sale transaction as
many as three times, until the family of Duke Poniński became the owner,
who in the first half of the 19th century tried to re-establish the former glory
of the town. By their efforts the castle was rebuilt into a spacious palace and
a school and a convent of the Sisters of Mercy were founded. Czerwonogród,
however, did not regain its town status and the inhabitants made ther living
from agriculture.
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