Wybrane czynniki warunkujące kompetencje szkolne z perspektywy współczesnych neuronauk i nauk pedagogicznych
Streszczenie
There are several sources that determine school abilities: endogenous factors, i.e. abilities,
intelligence, personality, internal motivation, and exogenous factors, such as environment
and external motivation. The causes of school failures are found most often in the level of
fluid or crystallised intelligence. In particular in the fluid intelligence, which is genetically
conditioned.
The type of personality also affects the achievement in learning, as well as the pleasure
derived from it. The motives (for which students take action) can also have an impact on
achievements – school abilities. There are two types of motivation: internal and external.
The internal, exogenous motivation has an extremely strong positive impact and it should
be stimulated by mentors – teachers. Furthermore, there are several types of general abilities
that also affect school competences. Abilities should be noticed and developed during school
education. Undoubtedly, the educational system should develop creativity and support the
development of all individual characteristics, providing opportunity for self-fulfilment.
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