Współczesne migracje cygańskie w przestrzeni postsowieckiej

Abstract

In recent years the topic of Roma migrating from countries in Eastern Europe towards Western Europe, became especially popular in the public domain. Much less attention is paid to the migrations on the borders of European Union and outside it. The present article has ambitious goal to fulfill this gap and to present contemporary Gypsy migrations in Post-soviet space, based on the view of their historical development, which however does not mean linear reading of the history of the problem. Leading place in our analysis has revealing of the nature of the processes. As it is shown these migrations are driven by the demand for collective strategies in response to the ongoing societal changes. The analysis is based on observance of the different reactions of Gypsy communities to the modification of soviet and post-soviet economical and political space. The researched processes appear to be more or less non-coherent in practice and in specific cases, the processes may even sometimes acquire opposite directions, as the Gypsy communities are heterogeneous and since the situation in various former Soviet republics is different. In spite of this non-coherency and controversy the dependence of the specifics, scope and directions of Gypsy migration from general social and economical context of their home places and from general geopolitical development of the region is obvious.

And-o palutnedëra berś, i tèma sär Rroma phiren katar-e Disǒrigutne Evropaqëre thema and-i Ratǔtni barvali Evròpa kerdili pinʒardi paramìsi and-o mèdie aj o publìko umalipe, ʒikaj pe javër rig, śaj phenas so bisterdile o migràcie trujal-i Evropìtko Ùnia avrial laθär. Akava artìklo si les i ambìcia te pherdǎrel akava ćhućhipe aj te sikavel save si o rromane migràcie and-o Pal-Sovietìtko umalipe, p-i bàza lenqëre historikone evoluciaqëri, so na mandavel so si te dikhas lenqëri historìa sar jekh lineàro procèso. E procesonqëri natùra lel śerutno than and-amari analìza. Sar sikavdǒl katar-i stùdia, e neve dostipnasqëre paruvimàta bianen kolektìvo stratègie save anen pala pumenθe migràcie. I bàza e analizaqëri si o dikhlǎripe e vervëre reakcienqëro, so keren Rroma andar vervëra khetanimàta karing-o paruvimàta and-o Sovietìtko aj Pal Sovietìtko ekonomìko aj politìko umalipe. O materiàli e rodlǎripnasqëro sikavel pes butedër ja kutedër koherènto and-i pràktika thaj specifikone surenθe. Kana aj kana, akala procèsǎ śaj te len mamuìtka karingimàta, odolesqe so o rromane khetanimàta si heterogèno thaj lenqëri situàcia and-o vervëra nakhlutne Sovietìtka repùblike nane unifòrmo. Madikh so o procèsi nane koherènto thaj si vi kontrovèrsie, śaj arakhas duśle relàcie maśkär-e rromane migracienqëre specificitète, lenqëre buxlimàta aj karingimàta pe jekh rig aj pe javër o generàlo sociàlo aj ekonomìko kontèkstoodothe kaj beśen o Rroma, sa akava and-i perspektìva e generalone geopolitikone ʒamavipnasqëri and-i zòna.