Kogo spotyka Dionizos w filozofii Fryderyka Nietzschego?

Abstract

The figure of Dionysus is very important for Nietzsche's philosophy. In the books of the German author we can observe several relationships between this Greek deity and versatile characters, who metaforically stand in for traditional philosophical concepts. Amidst the companions of Dionysus we have to remember about Apollo, Socrates, Ariadne and “God on the cross”. A careful reader can also take note of two apparently hidden relationships, namely that of Dionysus – Zarathustra and Dionysus – Nietzsche. In my text I distinguish two basic groups of these characters. Those that belong to the first group are Apollo, Zarathustra and Nietzsche himself – they hide behind Dionysus and they usually appear, when the German philosopher wants to characterize the category of life which this deity impersonates. The second group is formed by Socrates and “God on the cross” – they represent a decadent life. Only the qualification of Ariadne is questionable. When she stays with her first partner, Theseus, she represents weak “will to power”, but when she becomes associated with Dionysus, she turns into a metaphor of a full life.