Oświeceniowy millenaryzm a liberalny postęp. Z koncepcji politycznej Johna Graya

Abstract

It is well known that John Gray proposes to interpret realism as the best strategy for the de-velopment of the modern world. He believes that realism gives an opportunity to avoid all negative consequences of the Enlightenment and premillenarist political projects of 19th to 21th centuries. The author argues that the Gray’s realism neither approaches nor satisfies what he regards as postmillenarism, which is deeply rooted in premillenarism. This defect is especially serious in the light of different yet equivalent roles that either theory plays in bringing about political development of the world.