Znaleziska ceramiczne z badań wczesnośredniowiecznego grodu w Połupinie, stan. 2. Chronologia oraz analiza stylistyki, formy i techniki wykonania

Abstract

The most numerous category of sources are fragment of vessels. Basing on the macroscopic analysis (study of style, form and technology of manufacture) and using specialist investigations we believe that that ceramic discovered in Połupin represents two pottery styles. First, traditional one, corresponds to the older phases of the Middle Ages. These include: small range of coating, lack of decoration, poor profile and appearance of mainly undeveloped rims. Second, progressive stream, are the vessels perfectly, technologically produced, manufactured from especially prepared mass of clay, based on selected, fine-grained temper. This course is represented by vessels of mainly stocky, vase-like forms. Their characteristic feature is decoration in form of plastic rollers (from one to few), placed under the rim. Their origin can be traced primarily in Merovingian pottery workshops, which had produced, mainly in the 7th century, the so called Knickwandtőpfe. Using the data concerned of vessels style and technique of manufacture, which were gathered during the study of numerous collections of pottery from the Middle Odra River Area, we can try to establish chronological position of discovered assemblage of vessels. The analysis indicates quite high percentage of coated vessels (circa 65%), with simultaneous low share of decorated forms (circa 10%), allow to say that vessels from Połupin were manufactured not earlier than the end of the 8th century, but most likely in the 1st half of the 9th century. This chronology is not being denied by the 14C dating and by the analysis of other categories of finds (hooked spurs and beam). The results of reanalysis have contributed in significant changing the chronology of the stronghold in Połupin. Previous data, which functioned in the literature from the mid 1960s, indicated that the fortress were of 200 years older.